单项填空化简法突破定势法语境分析法语法分析法 第1招:化简法 高考命题为了增加句子的难度,命题人常将起干扰作用的定语从句、介词短语或插入语混在句子中,有意给学生造成理解和判断上的困难。如: I think / suppose / believe,do you think / suppose / believe, you know, of course等。考生在答题时可以采取用括号删除这些干扰项的方法,使句子变得更加简单,从而更容易地选出正确答案。 例1: John plays football_______ , if not better than, David.    A. as well         B. as well as           C. so well           D. so well as 【指点迷津】句中if not better than前后都有逗号,可以当作插入语,先去掉不看,这样题干就成了John plays football_____David.可以看出这是一个表同等比较的句子,故答案为B项as well as。 第2招:突破定势法 高考命题人常利用考生熟悉已久的句型结构、固定搭配或者母语为“诱饵”给考生造成假象,考生因为思维定势负迁移的影响,而忽略了题中已经变化的条件或情境,轻而易举选出“正确答案”,结果掉进了陷阱。考生在做这类试题时,要仔细分析句子结构或者句意,以免掉入命题者设计的陷阱。 1.______is known to everyboby, light travels much faster than sound. 2.______is known to everyboby that light travels much faster than sound. 3.______is known to everyboby is that light travels much faster than sound. A. It          B. As         C. That          D. What 【指点迷津】第1题选B,as引导一个非限定性定语从句,as代指后面整个句子;若将逗号改为第2题的that,就选A,it作形式主语,that引导主语从句;若在第3题的that前加is,则应选D,what引导的是主语从句,而that引导的是表语从句。 例1：_______is known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games will take place in Beijing.   A. It     B. What      C. As          D. Which 【指点迷津】该题考查名词性从句。考生易受思维定势的影响误选A或C,误把it当形式主语,或者将题目判断成as is known to sb.的非限制性定语从句,而没有分析清楚is之前是主语从句,what在从句中作主语,所以应选B项。 新概念英语视频下载 新概念英语视频教学 新概念英语教学视频免费下载 第3招:语境分析法 语境即一定的语言环境。近几年的高考题往往自然巧妙地设置一定的语言情境或者故意隐蔽一些有效的信息,以考查考生在特定的语言环境中准确运用语言的能力。这种解题方法适用于情景题和交际题,考生解题时必须依据题干具体情景或交际对话场合、内容来确定符合情理、场景的最佳答案。 例1: —Tom, you didn’t come to the party last night?   —I_______, but I suddenly remembered I had homework to do.   A. had to          B. didn’t        C. was going to        D. wouldn’t 第4招:语法分析法 对基本语法的灵活运用是高考单项填空题考查的主要内容。一些重点的语法如时态、语态、非谓语动词、情态动词、倒装句、复合句等都有严格的运用规律和使用规则。考生在答题时如果能准确地把握该题的语法考点,将会有效地提高解题的速度和得分率。 例1: My friend showed me round the town, _______ was very kind of him.   A. which           B. that          C. where           D, it 【指点迷津】该题考查非限制性定语从句。考生答题时应该先看选项,因为ABC三项都是关系词,可以断定该题考查语法复合句。如果选择that 或it就成了并列句,必须在第二个分句前加并列连词and。关系代词which代指前面的整个句子My friend showed me round the town作从句的主语,而C项where不能作主语,所以正确答案为A项。 1．It is better to ask someone for advice rather than______something. A．risk doing        B．to risk doing C．risk to do  D．to risk to do 2．—______Larry is in such a hurry? —I don’t know.He might have been running to catch the bus. A．Why do you think  B．Do you think why C．Why you think  D．Why not think 3．______ be sent to help her out? A．Who do you suggest B．Who do you suggest that should C．Do you suggest who should D．Do you suggest whom should 4．Accustomed to ______ the steep mountain，he had no difficulty reaching  the top. A．climbing  B．climb C．having climbed  D．have climbed 5．—Hi，Maria！I got the first place in the exam. —______！Everyone knows you cheated and you just copied Tony’s. A．Congratulations  B．Come on C．Good luck  D．Cheer up 6．Co­operation or teamwork，the importance of which is often______，plays an important part in football matches. A．stressed  B．thought of C．paid much attention  D．talked 7．It would be ______a risk to let the child go to school by himself. A．following  B．passing C．running  D．carrying